The biological systematics and taxonomy of invertebrates as proposed by Richard C. Brusca and Gary J. Brusca in 2003 is a system of classification of invertebrates, as a way to classify animals without backbones.
Prokaryotes
Kingdom Eubacteria, also known as Bacteria – Domain of microorganisms Kingdom Archaea, also known as Archaebacteria – Domain of organisms
Eukaryotes (Eukaryota, or Eukarya)
Kingdom Fungi – Organism belonging to kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae – Kingdom of organisms (= Metaphyta) Kingdom Protista – Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi Phylum Euglenida – Class of protozoans Phylum Kinetoplastida – Class of flagellated protozoaPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Alveolata phyla – Clade of protists Phylum Ciliophora – Taxon of protozoans with hair-like organelles called cilia Phylum Apicomplexa – Phylum of parasitic alveolates Phylum Dinoflagellata – Aquatic, unicellular protists with two flagella Phylum Stramenopila – Clade of eukaryotesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Phylum Rhizopoda – Cellular body type Phylum Actinopoda – Cellular body type Phylum Granuloreticulosa – Phylum of amoeboid protists Phylum Diplomonadida – Group of mostly parasitic flagellates Phylum Parabasilida – Group of flagellated protists Phylum Cryptomonada – Group of algae and colorless flagellatesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Phylum Microspora – Genus of green algae Phylum Ascetospora – Group of eukaryotes that are parasites of animals Phylum Choanoflagellata – Group of eukaryotes considered the closest living relatives of animals Phylum Chlorophyta – Phylum of green algae Phylum Opalinida – Small group of peculiar heterokonts Incertae sedis: Genus Stephanopogon – Genus of flagellate marine protozoan
Kingdom Animalia (Metazoa)
Parazoa
Phylum Porifera Phylum Porifera Class Calcarea Subclass Calcinea Subclass Calcaronea Class Hexactinellida Subclass Amphidiscophora Subclass Hexasterophora Class Demospongiae Subclass Homoscleromorpha Subclass Tetractinomorpha Subclass Ceractinomorpha
Mesozoa
Phylum Placozoa Phylum Placozoa Trichoplax adhaerens
Phylum Monoblastozoa Phylum Monoblastozoa Salinella
Phylum Rhombozoa Phylum Rhombozoa Order Dicyemida Order Heterocyemida
Phylum Orthonectida Phylum Orthonectida
Eumetazoa
Radiata
Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Cnidaria Class Hydrozoa Order Hydroida Suborder Anthomedusae (= Gymnoblastea or Athecata) Suborder Leptomedusae (= Calyptoblastea or Thecata) Order Trachylina Order Siphonophora Order Chondrophora Order Actinulida Class Anthozoa Subclass Octocorallia (= Alcyonaria) Order Alcyonacea Order Gastraxonacea Order Gorgonacea Order Helioporacea Order Pennatulacea Order Protoalcyonaria Order Stolonifera Order Telestacea Subclass Hexacorallia (= Zoantharia) Order Actiniaria Order Scleractinia (= Madreporaria) Order Zoanthidea Order Corallimorpharia Subclass Ceriantipatharia Order Antipatharia Order Ceriantharia Class Cubozoa Class Scyphozoa Order Stauromedusae Order Coronatae Order Semaeostomae Order Rhizostomae
Phylum Ctenophora Phylum Ctenophora Order Beroida Order Cestida Order Cydippida Order Ganeshida Order Lobata Order Platyctenida Order Thalassocalycida
Bilateria
The authors divide the bilaterians in three informal groups:
acoelomates (phyla Platyhelminthes, Gastrotricha, Entoprocta, Gnathostomulida, Cycliophora) blastocoelomate (or pseducoelomate, phyla Rotifera, Kinorhyncha, Nematoda, Nematomorpha, Acanthocephala, Loricifera) coelomates (or eucoelomates, phyla Nemertea, Priapula, Annelida, Sipuncula, Echiura, Onychophora, Tardigrada, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Phoronida, Ectoprocta, Brachiopoda, Echinodermata, Chaetognatha, Hemichordata, Chordata). Several groups traditionally viewed as having a blastocoelomate condition are viewed here as acoelomates (e.g., Gastrotricha, Entoprocta, Gnathostomulida). Some of the coelomates groups (e.g., Arthropoda, Mollusca) have greatly reduced celomic spaces; often the main body cavity is a bloodfilled space called a hemocoel, and is associated with an open circulatory system. The Brachiopoda, Ectoprocta and Phoronida are viewed as lophophorates. In a phylogeny, the bilaterians are divided in:
Protostomia Cycloneuralia Loricifera Kinorhyncha Priapula Nematomorpha Nemata Gastrotricha Acanthocephala Rotifera Cycliophora Entoprocta Gnathostomulida Articulata Arthropoda Tardigrada Onychophora Annelida Echiura Mollusca Sipuncula Nemertea Platyhelminthes Deuterostomia Chordata Vertebrata Cephalochordata Urochordata Hemichordata Pterobranchia Enteropneusta Echinodermata Chaetognatha Brachiopoda Ectoprocta Phoronida
Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria Order Acoela Order Catenulida Order Haplopharyngida Order Lecithoepitheliata Order Macrostomida Order Nemertodermatida Order Polycladida Order Prolecithophora Order Proplicastomata Order Proseriata Order Rhabdocoela Suborder Dalyellioida Suborder Thyphloplanoida Suborder Kalyptorhynchia Suborder Temnocephalida Order Tricladida Class Monogenea Subclass Monopisthocotylea Subclass Polyopisthocotylea Class Trematoda Subclass Digenea Subclass Aspidogastrea Class Cestoda Subclass Cestodaria Subclass Eucestoda
Phylum Nemertea Phylum Nemertea Class Anopla Class Enopla
Phylum Rotifera Phylum Rotifera Class Digonata Order Seisonidea Order Bdelloidea Class Monogononta
Phylum Gastrotricha Phylum Gastrotricha Order Macrodasyida Order Chaetonotida Suborder Multitubulatina Suborder Paucitubulatina
Phylum Kinorhyncha Phylum Kinorhyncha Order Cyclorhagida Order Homalorhagida
Phylum Nematoda (= Nemata) Phylum Nematoda (= Nemata) Class Adenophorea (= Aphasmida) Subclass Enoplia Subclass Chromadoria Class Secernentea (= Phasmida) Subclass Rhabditia Subclass Spiruria Subclass Diplogasteria
Phylum Nematomorpha Phylum Nematomorpha Order Nectonematoidea Order Gordioidea
Phylum Priapula Phylum Priapula Family Priapulidae Family Tubiluchidae Family Maccabeidae (= Chaetostephanidae)
Phylum Acanthocephala Phylum Acanthocephala Class Palaeacanthocephala Class Archiacanthocephala Class Eoacanthocephala
Phylum Entoprocta (= Kamptozoa) Phylum Entoprocta (= Kamptozoa) Family Loxosomatidae Family Loxokalypodidae Family Pedicellinidae Family Barentsiidae
Phylum Gnathostomulida Phylum Gnathostomulida Order Filospermoidea Order Bursovaginoidea
Phylum Loricifera Phylum Loricifera Order Nanaloricida Family Nanaloricidae Family Pliciloricidae
Phylum Cycliophora Phylum Cycliophora Symbion pandora
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