biology

Tedizolid

Tedizolid is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Tedizolid rather than just read about it. In short: Tedizolid, sold under the brand name Sivextro (by Merck) is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic. Tedizolid phosphate is a phosphate ester prodrug of the active compound tedizolid.

Key takeaways

Tedizolid belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Tedizolid to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Tedizolid from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Tedizolid, sold under the brand name Sivextro (by Merck) is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic. Tedizolid phosphate is a phosphate ester prodrug of the active compound tedizolid. It was developed by Cubist Pharmaceuticals, following acquisition of Trius Therapeutics (originator: Dong-A Pharmaceuticals), and is marketed for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (also known as complicated skin and skin-structure infections (cSSSIs)). The most common side effects include nausea (feeling sick), headache, diarrhea and vomiting. These side effects were generally of mild or moderate severity. Tedizolid was approved for medical use in the United States in June 2014, and authorized for medical use in the European Union in March 2015. Tedizolid phosphate is a therapeutic alternative on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Medical uses Tedizolid is indicated for the treatment of acute bacterial Skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by certain susceptible bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant strains, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and methicillin-susceptible strains), various Streptococcus species (S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. anginosus group including S. anginosus, S. intermedius, and S. constellatus), and Enterococcus faecalis. Tedizolid is a second-generation oxazolidinone derivative that is 4-to-16-fold more potent against staphylococci and enterococci compared to linezolid. The recommended dosage for treatment is 200 mg once daily for a total duration of six days, either orally (with or without food) or through an intravenous injection (if patient is older than 18 years old). In the European Union, tedizolid is indicated for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) in adults.

Mechanism of action Tedizolid phosphate (TR-701) is a prodrug activated by plasma or intestinal phosphatases to tedizolid (TR-700) following administration of the drug either orally or intravenously. Once activated, tedizolid exerts its bacteriostatic microbial activity through inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit (on the acceptor site) of the bacteria.

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties Tedizolid tablets have an oral bioavailability of >90%. Tedizolid has higher binding to plasma proteins (80%), longer half-life, and a larger volume of distribution compared to linezolid. It is primarily metabolized by the liver as an inactive sulphate conjugate (phase II reaction), with no metabolism by cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Less than 20% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine. Tedizolid bactericidal activity on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is time dependent. Correlations are closest between fAUC24/MIC and the tedizolid PK/PD index against MRSA and VRE. To achieve 1 l o g 10 {\textstyle log_{10}} kill (90% of organisms killed in every step), tedizolid fAUC24/MIC in neutropenic mouse models with a thigh infection with VRE and MRSA should be 14.2 and 138.5, respectively. The post-antibiotic effects of tedizolid against VRE and MRSA are 2.39 and 0.99 h, respectively.

Clinical trials Tedizolid proved its noninferiority to linezolid in two phase-III trials, known as the ESTABLISH trials. Tedizolid is the second treatment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the Generating Antibiotic Incentives Now (known as the GAIN Act) federal law. New antibiotics manufactured under the act will be designated as a Qualified Infectious Disease Product (QIDP), allowing an expedited review by the FDA and an additional five years of market exclusivity.

Adverse effects The most common adverse effects found in the clinical trials were nausea, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, and dizziness. Tedizolid has also been found to have hematologic (blood) effects, as shown in Phase-I studies in which subjects exposed to doses longer than 6 days showed a possible dose and duration effect on hematologic parameters. Its safety in patients with decreased levels of white blood cells has not been established. Patients on tedizolid are also at low risk of peripheral and optic neuropathy, similar to other members of the oxazolidinone class.

References

External links "Tedizolid Injection: MedlinePlus Drug Information". MedlinePlus.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Tedizolid

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Tedizolid claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Tedizolid before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Tedizolid ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Tedizolid

In research: Tedizolid appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Tedizolid in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Tedizolid is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Disubstituted pyridines, Drugs developed by Merck & Co., Fluoroarenes, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Tedizolid outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “Tedizolid” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Tedizolid in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Tedizolid means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Tedizolid out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Tedizolid in simple terms?

Tedizolid, sold under the brand name Sivextro (by Merck) is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic. Tedizolid phosphate is a phosphate ester prodrug of the active compound tedizolid.

Why does Tedizolid matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Tedizolid?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Tedizolid.