biology

Thermoanaerobacter

Thermoanaerobacter is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Thermoanaerobacter rather than just read about it. In short: Thermoanaerobacter is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as Clostridium species and members of the now obsolete genera Acetogenium and Thermobacteroides Etymology The name Thermoanaerobacter derives from:Greek adjective thermos (θερμός), hot; Greek prefix an (ἄν), not; Greek noun aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος), air; Neo…

Key takeaways

Thermoanaerobacter belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Thermoanaerobacter to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Thermoanaerobacter from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Thermoanaerobacter is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as Clostridium species and members of the now obsolete genera Acetogenium and Thermobacteroides

Etymology The name Thermoanaerobacter derives from:Greek adjective thermos (θερμός), hot; Greek prefix an (ἄν), not; Greek noun aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος), air; Neo-Latin masculine gender noun, bacter, nominally meaning "a rod", but in effect meaning a bacterium, rod; Neo-Latin masculine gender noun Thermoanaerobacter, rod which grows in the absence of air at elevated temperatures.

Species The genus contains 15 species, namely

T. acetoethylicus (Ben-Bassat and Zeikus 1983) Rainey and Stackebrandt 1993 (Latin noun acetum, vinegar; Neo-Latin adjective ethylicus, pertaining to ethyl alcohol; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective acetoethylicus, intended to mean producing acetic acid and ethanol.) This species, formerly known as Thermobacteroides acetoethylicus, used to be the type species of Thermobacteroides, but was transferred over to the genus Thermoanaerobacter, while the other member of the genus Thermobacteroides, Thermobacteroides proteolyticus was reclassified as Coprothermobacter proteolyticus T. brockii (Zeikus et al. 1983) Lee et al. 1993 (Neo-Latin genitive case noun brockii, of Brock, named for Thomas Dale Brock who pioneered studies on the physiology and ecology of thermophiles.) this species was previously known as Thermoanaerobium brockii T. ethanolicus Wiegel and Ljungdahl 1982 (Type species of the genus; Neo-Latin noun ethanol, ethanol; Latin masculine gender suff. -icus, suffix used with the sense of pertaining to; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective ethanolicus, indicating the production of ethanol.) "T. inferii" Orlygsson & Beck 2007 T. italicus Kozianowski et al. 1998 (Latin masculine gender adjective italicus, pertaining to Italy, where the organism was isolated.) "T. keratinophilus" Riesen & Antranikian 2001 T. kivui (Leigh and Wolfe 1983) Collins et al. 1994 (Neo-Latin genitive case noun kivui, pertaining to Kivu, named for its source, Lake Kivu.) This species used to be known as Acetogenium kivui (sole member of the former genus) before being transferred in this genus T. mathranii Larsen et al. 1998 (Neo-Latin genitive case noun mathranii, of Mathrani, in honor of the late Indra M. Mathrani, who contributed to the understanding of thermophilic anaerobes from hot springs during his short career.) T. pentosaceus Tomás, Karakashev & Angelidaki 2013 T. pseudethanolicus Onyenwoke et al. 2007 (Greek adjective pseudēs, false; Neo-Latin adjective ethanolicus, a bacteria-specific epithet; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective pseudethanolicus, a false (Thermoanaerobacter) ethanolicus.) T. siderophilus Slobodkin et al. 1999 (Greek noun sideros, iron; Neo-Latin adjective philus from Greek adjective philos (φίλος) meaning friend, loving; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective siderophilus, iron-loving.) T. sulfurigignens Lee et al. 2007 (Latin noun sulfur, sulfur; Latin participle adjective gignens, producing; Neo-Latin participle adjective sulfurigignens, sulfur-producing.) T. sulfurophilus Bonch-Osmolovskaya 1998 (Latin noun sulfur, sulfur; Neo-Latin adjective philus from Greek adjective philos (φίλος) meaning friend, loving; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective sulfurophilus, liking elemental sulfur.) T. thermocopriae (Jin, Yamasato & Toda 1988) Collins et al. 1994 (Greek noun thermē (θέρμη), heat; Greek noun kopria, dunghill; Neo-Latin genitive case noun thermocopriae, of heat compost.) This species was formerly known as Clostridium thermocopriae T. thermohydrosulfuricus (Klaushofer and Parkkinen 1965) Lee et al. 1993 (Greek adjective thermos (θερμός), hot; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective hydrosulfuricus, pertaining to hydrogen sulfide; Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective thermohydrosulfuricus, indicating that the organism grows at high temperatures and reduces sulfite to H2S.), this species also used to be Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum T. uzonensis Wagner et al. 2008 (Neo-Latin masculine gender adjective uzonensis, pertaining to the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Far East Russia.) T. wiegelii Cook et al. 1996 (Neo-Latin genitive case noun wiegelii, of Juergen Wiegel, in recognition of his contributions to the study of thermophilic anaerobes.) Three former members of this genus, T. subterraneus, T. tengcongensis and T. yonseiensis, were reclassified as subspecies of Caldanaerobacter subterraneus

Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

See also Bacterial taxonomy Microbiology List of bacterial orders List of bacteria genera

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Thermoanaerobacter

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Thermoanaerobacter claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Thermoanaerobacter before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Thermoanaerobacter ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Thermoanaerobacter

In research: Thermoanaerobacter appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Thermoanaerobacter in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Thermoanaerobacter is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Anaerobes, Bacteria genera, Thermoanaerobacterales, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Thermoanaerobacter outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Thermoanaerobacter in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Thermoanaerobacter means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Thermoanaerobacter out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Thermoanaerobacter in simple terms?

Why does Thermoanaerobacter matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Thermoanaerobacter?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Thermoanaerobacter.