astronomy

Thomas Anantharaman

Thomas Anantharaman is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Thomas Anantharaman rather than just read about it. In short: Thomas S. Anantharaman is a computer statistician specializing in Bayesian inference approaches for NP-complete problems.

Key takeaways

Thomas Anantharaman belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Thomas Anantharaman to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Thomas Anantharaman from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Thomas S. Anantharaman is a computer statistician specializing in Bayesian inference approaches for NP-complete problems. He is best known for his work with Feng-hsiung Hsu from 1985 to 1990 on the Chess playing computers ChipTest and Deep Thought at Carnegie Mellon University which led to his 1990 PhD Dissertation: "A Statistical Study of Selective Min-Max Search in Computer Chess". This work was the foundation for the IBM chess-playing computer Deep Blue which beat world champion Garry Kasparov in 1997.

Life and career Anantharaman obtained a B.Tech. degree in Electronics in 1982 from the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (now Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi). He got (in 1977) IIT-JEE rank (AIR) # 2. Anantharaman went to USA and joined Carnegie Mellon University as a PhD student where he worked on the chess playing computers ChipTest and DeepThought with Feng-hsiung Hsu. Anantharaman received his PhD degree in 1990 and joined the field of biotechnology and Feng-hsiung Hsu joined IBM to design the Deep Blue IBM super-computer, which defeated Garry Kasparov in the historic chess match. In 1985, Carnegie Mellon University graduate students Feng-hsiung Hsu, Anantharaman, Murray Campbell and Andreas Nowatzyk used spare chips they'd found to put together a chess-playing machine that they called ChipTest. By 1987, the machine, integrating some innovative ideas about search strategies, had become the reigning computer chess champion. A successor, Deep Thought, using two special-purpose chips, plus about 200 off-the-shelf chips, working in parallel, achieved grandmaster-level play. Following this work, Anantharaman focused his attentions into the field of biostatistics and the application of Bayesian methods to the analysis of single molecule Optical Mapping technologies. He is currently a Senior Bioinformatics Software Engineer at BioNano Genomics, San Diego, California.

References

External links Anantharaman T, Mishra B, Schwartz D (1999). "Genomics via optical mapping. III: Contiging genomic DNA". Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol: 18–27. PMID 10786282. Anantharaman TS, Mishra B, Schwartz D (1997). "Genomics via optical mapping. II: Ordered restriction maps". J Comput Biol. 4 (2): 91–118. doi:10.1089/cmb.1997.4.91. PMID 9228610. Nicole T. Perna; Guy Plunkett III; Valerie Burland; Bob Mau; Jeremy D. Glasner; Debra J. Rose; George F. Mayhew; Peter S. Evans; Jason Gregor; Heather A. Kirkpatrick; György Pósfai; Jeremiah Hackett; Sara Klink; Adam Boutin; Ying Shao; Leslie Miller; Erik J. Grotbeck; N. Wayne Davis; Alex Lim; Eileen T. Dimalanta; Konstantinos D. Potamousis; Jennifer Apodaca; Thomas S. Anantharaman; Jieyi Lin; Galex Yen; David C. Schwartz; Rodney A. Welch & Frederick R. Blattner (2001). "Genome sequence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7". Nature. 409 (6819): 529–533. Bibcode:2001Natur.409..529P. doi:10.1038/35054089. PMID 11206551.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Thomas Anantharaman

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Thomas Anantharaman claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Thomas Anantharaman before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Thomas Anantharaman ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Thomas Anantharaman

In research: Thomas Anantharaman appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Thomas Anantharaman in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Thomas Anantharaman is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics American computer scientists, American people of Indian Tamil descent, Banaras Hindu University alumni, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Thomas Anantharaman outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Thomas Anantharaman in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Thomas Anantharaman means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Thomas Anantharaman out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Thomas Anantharaman in simple terms?

Thomas S. Anantharaman is a computer statistician specializing in Bayesian inference approaches for NP-complete problems.

Why does Thomas Anantharaman matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Thomas Anantharaman?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Thomas Anantharaman.