science

Titus (dinosaur)

Titus (dinosaur) is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Titus (dinosaur) rather than just read about it. In short: Titus is an obsidian black skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex discovered in the Hell Creek Formation, Montana, United States in 2014 and excavated in 2018. Titus was on display as the centrepiece of an exhibition at the Nottingham Natural History Museum, England, from July 2021 to August 2022.

Key takeaways

Titus (dinosaur) belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Titus (dinosaur) to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Titus (dinosaur) from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Titus is an obsidian black skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus rex discovered in the Hell Creek Formation, Montana, United States in 2014 and excavated in 2018. Titus was on display as the centrepiece of an exhibition at the Nottingham Natural History Museum, England, from July 2021 to August 2022. According to the Nottingham City Council, it is also a rare instance of an actual Tyrannosaurus fossil leaving North America. The exhibit includes 3D scanned replicas of the skeleton, which visitors can inspect and handle. He is named after the protagonist in Shakespeare's Titus Andronicus. The owner of Titus remains anonymous.

Description The mounted Titus skeleton measures 4 metres (13 ft) high and 11 metres (36 ft) long. It is named after the protagonist in Shakespeare's Titus Andronicus. The skeleton comprises 59 preserved elements, representing about 20% of the bones in an adult T. rex. External bone inspection has revealed injuries to Titus' right tibia (possibly a claw or bite wound); a deformed toe on the right foot; and a bitten and healed tail. The bite wound near the end of the tail indicates a possible attack by another Tyrannosaurus.

Discovery In September 2014, commercial paleontologist Craig Pfister first discovered the remains of Titus near Ekalaka, Carter County, Montana. The site was an ancient river channel where the specimen may have been moved in a flood event which also winnowed the skeleton and may in part explain why only 20% of the bones were preserved. Pfister originally found a broken tibia, and said he knew right away that it belonged to a Tyrannosaurus rex, but was sidetracked by the discovery of a nearby Triceratops. Excavation of the specimen began in 2018, and took 18 months.

Reconstruction and exhibition

The bones of Titus were shipped to conservationist Nigel Larkin in the United Kingdom, who assessed and conserved the bones. Larkin reconstructed the mount using a cast of the Tyrannosaurus specimen Stan to supplement the known bones of "Titus", after scanning the bones using photogrammetry to create digital models that were 3D printed in gypsum for use in the exhibition, alongside the display of the real fossil skeleton. For the exhibit at the Nottingham Natural History Museum at Wollaton Hall, Titus was reconstructed "in a walking mode, perhaps searching for prey or returning home after a hunt." The exhibition, titled "Titus: T. Rex is King", ran from 3 July 2021 to August 2022. According to the museum, this is the first time that a "real" fossilised Tyrannosaurus rex has been shown in England for more than 100 years. According to the Nottingham city council, it is also a rare instance of an actual Tyrannosaurus fossil leaving North America.

See also Specimens of Tyrannosaurus Timeline of tyrannosaur research

References

Notes

Citations

External links Titus: T.Rex Is King, exhibition page, Wollaton Hall, 2022

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Titus (dinosaur)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Titus (dinosaur) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Titus (dinosaur) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Titus (dinosaur) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Titus (dinosaur)

In research: Titus (dinosaur) appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Titus (dinosaur) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Titus (dinosaur) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 2014 in paleontology, Cretaceous fossil record, Dinosaur fossils, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Titus (dinosaur) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Titus (dinosaur) in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Titus (dinosaur) means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Titus (dinosaur) out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Titus (dinosaur) in simple terms?

Why does Titus (dinosaur) matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Titus (dinosaur)?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Titus (dinosaur).