biology

Tmem110

Tmem110 is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Tmem110 rather than just read about it. In short: Definition and cellular localization TMEM110, also designated as STIMATE (for STIM-activating enhancer), is an ER-resident multi-transmembrane protein identified through a proteomic study on the ER-PM junctions. The ER-PM junctions are defined as specialized junctional sites, also known as membrane contact sites, that connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM), and are closely implicated in…

Key takeaways

Tmem110 belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Tmem110 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Tmem110 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Definition and cellular localization TMEM110, also designated as STIMATE (for STIM-activating enhancer), is an ER-resident multi-transmembrane protein identified through a proteomic study on the ER-PM junctions. The ER-PM junctions are defined as specialized junctional sites, also known as membrane contact sites, that connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM), and are closely implicated in controlling lipid and calcium homeostasis in mammalian cells.

Function TMEM110 is a positive modulator of calcium flux mediated by the STIM-ORAI signaling in vertebrates. STIMATE can physically associate with STIM1 to promote conformational switch of STIM1 from inactive toward an activated state, thereby coupling to and gating the ORAI calcium channels on the plasma membrane. Depletion of TMEM110 with RNAi knockdown or Cas9-mediated gene disruption substantially reduces the puncta formation of STIM1 at ER-PM junctions and remarkably inhibits the calcium/calcineurin/NFAT signaling axis. More genetic and biochemical studies are needed to uncover more uncharted functions of this ER-resident protein at ER-PM junctions.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Tmem110

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Tmem110 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Tmem110 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Tmem110 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Tmem110

In research: Tmem110 appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Tmem110 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Tmem110 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Proteins, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Tmem110 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Tmem110 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Tmem110 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Tmem110 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Tmem110 in simple terms?

Why does Tmem110 matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Tmem110?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Tmem110.