astronomy

UGC 12158

UGC 12158 is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand UGC 12158 rather than just read about it. In short: UGC 12158 or PGC 69533 is an Sb-type barred spiral galaxy located approximately 386,000,000 ly (118 Mpc) away from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus. Its tight spiral disk spans approximately 216,000 ly (66 kpc), whose scale at heliocentric distance is about 36.9 kiloparsecs per arcminute.

Key takeaways

UGC 12158 belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect UGC 12158 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of UGC 12158 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

UGC 12158 or PGC 69533 is an Sb-type barred spiral galaxy located approximately 386,000,000 ly (118 Mpc) away from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus. Its tight spiral disk spans approximately 216,000 ly (66 kpc), whose scale at heliocentric distance is about 36.9 kiloparsecs per arcminute. It is also often stated to resemble the Milky Way in appearance, with a similar central bar and spiral arm structure. The earliest known reference to this galaxy comes from part 2 of the Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies, published in 1964, where it is listed as MCG +03-57-032.

Supernova On 4 September 2004, Tom Boles discovered a 18.5v magnitude Type Ia supernova on one of the spiral arms near the apparent centre in UGC 12158. It was independently discovered by Mark Armstrong the following day, and subsequently designated SN 2004ef. (Blue star within UGC 12158 in Starbox Hubble's Space Telescope image.) Optical spectra was obtained on 7 September 2004 confirming the Type I classification. It reached 17.0v magnitude on 9 September 2004 before fading from view. No progenitor star was found on earlier survey images.

Image gallery

See also NGC 2336 - another spiral galaxy of similar size and shape NGC 1232 NGC 6744 SPT0418-47 - a spiral galaxy of similar size and shape when universe was 1.4 billion years old UGC 6093 - a similar barred spiral galaxy Milky Way - the galaxy it resembles

References

External links Media related to UGC 12158 at Wikimedia Commons Barred spiral bares all The Milky Way's (almost) identical twin Archived October 1, 2018, at the Wayback Machine

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with UGC 12158

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what UGC 12158 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to UGC 12158 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about UGC 12158 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of UGC 12158

In research: UGC 12158 appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses UGC 12158 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: UGC 12158 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Barred spiral galaxies, Barred spiral galaxy stubs, MCG objects, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for UGC 12158 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study UGC 12158 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what UGC 12158 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain UGC 12158 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is UGC 12158 in simple terms?

Why does UGC 12158 matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study UGC 12158?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on UGC 12158.