astronomy

UGC 12591

UGC 12591 is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand UGC 12591 rather than just read about it. In short: UGC 12591 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 6,600±24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 317.5 ± 22.2 Mly (97.35 ± 6.82 Mpc).

Key takeaways

UGC 12591 belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect UGC 12591 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of UGC 12591 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

UGC 12591 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 6,600±24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 317.5 ± 22.2 Mly (97.35 ± 6.82 Mpc). However, five non-redshift measurements give a farther mean distance of 394.26 ± 59.86 Mly (120.880 ± 18.352 Mpc). The first known reference to this galaxy comes from Part 2 of the Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies, published in 1964, where it is listed as MCG +05-55-015. UGC 12591 is the spiral galaxy with the highest known rotational speed of about 500 km/s, almost twice that of the Milky Way galaxy. The high rotational speed means the galaxy must be very massive at the center; the galaxy has a mass estimated at 4 times that of the Milky Way. UGC 12591 is relatively isolated; the nearest galaxy to it, WISEA J232529.77+283021.3, is 3.55 million light-years (1.09 Mpc) away. However, its morphology suggests a merger or accretion event in its past: it is somewhat lenticular-like, with a central bulge and dust lanes reminiscent of the Sombrero Galaxy.

References

External links Media related to UGC 12591 at Wikimedia Commons

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with UGC 12591

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what UGC 12591 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to UGC 12591 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about UGC 12591 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of UGC 12591

In research: UGC 12591 appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses UGC 12591 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: UGC 12591 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics MCG objects, Pegasus (constellation), Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for UGC 12591 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study UGC 12591 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what UGC 12591 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain UGC 12591 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is UGC 12591 in simple terms?

Why does UGC 12591 matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study UGC 12591?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on UGC 12591.