chemistry

UV-328

UV-328 is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand UV-328 rather than just read about it. In short: UV-328 (2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol) is a chemical compound that belongs to the phenolic benzotriazoles. It is a UV filter that is used as an UV-absorber for plastics.

Key takeaways

UV-328 belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect UV-328 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of UV-328 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

UV-328 (2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol) is a chemical compound that belongs to the phenolic benzotriazoles. It is a UV filter that is used as an UV-absorber for plastics.

Properties UV-328 has a melting point of 80-86 °C, a vapor pressure of 4.6·10−5 Pa (20 °C) and a water solubility of 0.17±0.07 μg·l−1 (25 °C). The octanol-water partition coefficient (log KOW) is 7.93.

Applications UV-328 is a light stabilizer for a variety of plastics and other organic substrates. It has been used for the stabilization of styrene homopolymers and copolymers, acrylic polymers, unsaturated polyesters, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyacetals, polyvinyl butyral, elastomers and adhesives. It protects polymers and organic pigments from UV radiation and helps maintain the original appearance and physical integrity of moldings, films, sheets and fibers during outdoor weathering. The application concentration is 0.1-1 %. UV-328 has been used for applications such as automotive coatings, industrial coatings, commercial inks such as wood stains or do-it-yourself inks.

Hazard UV-328 is persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) as well as very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB). Thus, it is in the list of substances of very high concern. The 2023 Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants took the decision to eliminate the use of UV-328, by listing this chemical in Annex A to the Convention. A bioaccumulation factor (log BAF) of 2.6–3.4 was determined in fish from Canadian rivers. It may cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life. UV-328 has been found to be associated with adverse health effects in mammals based on repeated-dose toxicity studies conducted in rats and dogs, with the primary health effect being liver toxicity. It is also associated with adverse effects on the kidney based on the study in rats. The finding of UV-328 in plastics sampled on remote beaches, in stomachs of seabirds and in preen gland oil show that it is also transported over long distances and is taken up by biota. Detections in Arctic biota include eggs of common eider, kittiwake, European shag and glaucous gull as well as the livers of mink.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with UV-328

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what UV-328 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to UV-328 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about UV-328 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of UV-328

In research: UV-328 appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses UV-328 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: UV-328 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Antioxidants, Benzene derivatives, Benzotriazoles, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for UV-328 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study UV-328 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what UV-328 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain UV-328 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is UV-328 in simple terms?

UV-328 (2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol) is a chemical compound that belongs to the phenolic benzotriazoles. It is a UV filter that is used as an UV-absorber for plastics.

Why does UV-328 matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study UV-328?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on UV-328.