biology

Ulmus gaussenii

Ulmus gaussenii is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Ulmus gaussenii rather than just read about it. In short: Ulmus gaussenii W. C.

Key takeaways

Ulmus gaussenii belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Ulmus gaussenii to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Ulmus gaussenii from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Ulmus gaussenii W. C. Cheng, the Anhui, or hairy, elm, is a medium size deciduous tree whose natural range is restricted to the valleys of the Langya limestone mountains of Chu Xian in Anhui Province, eastern China. The tree was most commonly found on the flood plains, indicating a tolerance of periodic inundation. However, U. gaussenii is now possibly the rarest and most endangered elm species, with only approximately 30 trees known to survive in the wild in 2009. The tree was introduced to the West in 1995, at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, as part of an evaluation of Chinese elms for landscape use. However, closer examination of the leaves at the Morton suggests that their trees are in fact Ulmus castaneifolia.

Description The tree can grow to a height of about 25 m, with a slender trunk < 0.8 m d.b.h. The bark is longitudinally fissured and almost black. The leaves are generally obovate, < 11 cm long, borne on densely pubescent reddish twigs, sometimes featuring flat corky wings. The wind-pollinated apetalous flowers appear in March, the large orbicular samarae < 28 mm in diameter ripen in April.

Pests and diseases The tree is resistant to Dutch elm disease and the elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola.

Cultivation The species is cultivated in Jiangsu (Nanjing), but remains very rare in cultivation in the West. In artificial freezing tests at the Morton Arboretum the LT50 (temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be -30.7 °C. The Anhui elm was considered of particular interest, as its riparian habitat suggests it tolerates anoxic ground during prolonged flooding. Very few specimens are cultivated (2019) in Europe, notably in the UK and the Netherlands. There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.

Etymology The tree was named in 1939 for Marcel-Henri Gaussen (1891–1981), a French botanist who travelled widely in Asia.

Accessions North America Brenton Arboretum, US. No accession details available. Chicago Botanic Garden, US. Planted in West Collections Area. Denver Botanic Gardens, US. Neither acc. no. nor origin disclosed Morton Arboretum, US. Acc. no. 49–95. Wild collected, Anhui Province, China. United States National Arboretum, Washington, D.C., US. Acc. nos. 76224, 68980.

Europe Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Grafted tree, acc. no. 699. Great Fontley Elm Trial Plantation, Butterfly Conservation, Funtley, Hampshire, UK. One sapling planted 2017, grafted on wych elm rootstock. Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, Hampshire, UK. Rooted cutting in propagation unit (2018), acc. no. 2017.0369

References

External links U. gaussenii description, Flora of China, vol.5 p.3, efloras.org U. gaussenii fruit and leaves illustration, Flora of China, efloras.org Photographs labelled U. gaussenii on Plant Photo Bank of China, ppbc.iplant U. gaussenii description, and photographs labelled U. gaussenii, ulmen-handbuch.de

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Ulmus gaussenii

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Ulmus gaussenii claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Ulmus gaussenii before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Ulmus gaussenii ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Ulmus gaussenii

In research: Ulmus gaussenii appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Ulmus gaussenii in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Ulmus gaussenii is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Critically endangered flora of Asia, Elm species and varieties, Endemic flora of China, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Ulmus gaussenii outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Ulmus gaussenii in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Ulmus gaussenii means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Ulmus gaussenii out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Ulmus gaussenii in simple terms?

Ulmus gaussenii W. C.

Why does Ulmus gaussenii matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Ulmus gaussenii?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Ulmus gaussenii.