Ulvö gamla kapell (Swedish for Old Chapel of Ulvön) is a wooden chapel in Ulvöhamn, the main settlement on the island of Ulvön in the Swedish municipality of Örnsköldsvik. It was built in 1622 by Gävle fishermen; Lutheran services were held there regularly until 1894. Due to population decline, the chapel’s significance diminished over the course of the 20th century, leading to its deconsecration in 2010 by the pastor of the Nätra parish, who had been responsible for it until then. Ulvö gamla kapell is one of three painted chapels of the Gävle fishermen and is considered to be the most beautiful. It was designated a listed building by the Västernorrland County Council in 1996.
History Gävle fishermen fished in Ulvöhamn from the beginning of the 17th century at the latest and built chapels in their fishing villages. Ulvö gamla kapell, built in 1622, is the oldest surviving of these chapels. Originally, the building stood at the western entrance to Ulvösundet; it was moved to its current position in the center of Ulvöhamn around 1740 at the latest. Next to the chapel is a small cemetery, which was consecrated in 1745 by the parish priest of Nätra parish. There, the island’s inhabitants buried passing sailors who died on Ulvön. Until 1920, the islanders buried their own dead in Nätra; since then, they have been buried on a small island in Bysjön on Norra Ulvön. Ulvön initially only served as a fishing base for the fishermen during the summer months. The priest from Nätra only came to Ulvön on a few Sundays a year; usually a Gävle fisherman or theology student (some of whom spent the summer on Ulvön) led the meetings. A service was held in the chapel every Sunday and public holiday; there were also short daily devotions. These were abolished in the course of the 19th century, one of the consequences of the decline of the fishing trips. It was strictly forbidden to work or engage in trade on Sundays; fishermen who broke this rule were fined heavily by the municipality. It was forbidden to enter the harbor during church services; arriving sailors had to leave their boat a short distance from the village and walk the rest of the way. In the autumn, the chapel was closed after a final communal prayer. When there were no sheds yet in Ulvöhamn, it served as a tool store for the fishermen in winter. In 1874, a pilot on board a ship from Gothenburg contracted smallpox; a total of 14 people died of the disease on Ulvön. They were buried together next to the chapel, and a small, still-standing iron cross was erected in their memory. At the end of the 19th century, the last Gävle fishermen left Ulvön, and the chapel slowly fell into disrepair. The municipality planned to demolish it and erect a larger building, for which King Oscar II granted permission in December 1888. However, when the king visited the chapel in August 1890, he was impressed by the paintings inside. He donated 200 kronor to the people of Ulvöhamn for the preservation of the building, after which the demolition plans were dropped. The Västernorrlands Museum bought the entire complex for 500 kronor in February 1892 and has maintained it ever since. Construction of the new Ulvö kyrka began in the autumn of 1892; it was consecrated in August 1894. After only sporadic church services were held in the Ulvö gamla kapell in the 20th century, it was deconsecrated in April 2010 to make it possible for both church and civil weddings to be celebrated in it.
Architecture The rectangular wooden building is built as a log house, about ten meters long, seven meters wide, and clad with Falun red boards. There are two lead-framed windows on each long side and one on the eastern cross wall. When windows were retrofitted into the north wall in 1839, the paintings there were damaged. A wooden bell tower was erected in 1758. A small copper bell rang at church services and when the fishermen left for their fishing grounds. To ensure that everyone had an equal chance of catching fish, it was forbidden to set off before the bell rang. Originally, there was a whipping post in front of the chapel, though it was never used. A wooden fence surrounds the entire complex.
Equipment
General A massive lock hangs on the gate of the chapel. The exterior is adorned with a wooden statue believed to date from the 15th century. It depicts God seated, holding a globe in his left hand while raising his right hand in blessing. Together with seven other wooden statues that have been kept at the Västernorrlands Museum since the 1930s, it likely belonged to a winged altar. Inside the chapel, several rows of simple wooden benches flank a central aisle. To the right of the entrance is an offering box, the contents of which were distributed to the poorest people in the village. On the eastern cross wall opposite the entrance, there is a richly decorated 17th-century pulpit without a sounding board. The angular pulpit box is decorated with carved pillars and plants in blue, green and red; wooden figures stand between the pillars. The pillars, the figures placed in niches, and the arches above them are characteristic features of Renaissance pulpits. A four-glass pulpit hourglass stands on the upper edge of the basket. The fishermen of Ulvöhamn purchased the pulpit in 1753 from the parish of Vibyggerå; previously, there had been none in the chapel. Two 18th-century oil paintings hang on the east wall: Jesus on the cross to the north of the window and the Annunciation above the window. Two wooden chandeliers, believed to date from the 18th century, are mounted above the central aisle. Near the pulpit hangs the three-masted votive ship Gustaf från Gefle, which is rigged as a full-rigged ship. It was donated in 1770 by three Gävle fishermen who originally came from the mainland near Ulvön. The ship was restored in 1945.
Paintings
… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.
