chemistry

Umespirone

Umespirone is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Umespirone rather than just read about it. In short: Umespirone (KC-9172) is a drug of the azapirone class which possesses anxiolytic and antipsychotic properties. It behaves as a 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist (Ki = 15 nM), D2 receptor partial agonist (Ki = 23 nM), and α1-adrenoceptor receptor antagonist (Ki = 14 nM), and also has weak affinity for the sigma receptor (Ki = 558 nM).

Key takeaways

Umespirone belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Umespirone to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Umespirone from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Umespirone (KC-9172) is a drug of the azapirone class which possesses anxiolytic and antipsychotic properties. It behaves as a 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist (Ki = 15 nM), D2 receptor partial agonist (Ki = 23 nM), and α1-adrenoceptor receptor antagonist (Ki = 14 nM), and also has weak affinity for the sigma receptor (Ki = 558 nM). Unlike many other anxiolytics and antipsychotics, umespirone produces minimal sedation, cognitive/memory impairment, catalepsy, and extrapyramidal symptoms.

Synthesis

The condensation between ethyl cyanoacetate (1) and acetone gives ethylisopropylidenecyanoacetate [759-58-0] (2). This product is reacted with N-butylcyanoacetamide [39581-21-0] (3) in sodium methoxide solution to give N-butyl-2,4-dicyano-3,3-dimethylglutarimide, CID:10681941 (4). The glutarimide is cyclized with phosphoric acid to yield 3-butyl-9,9-dimethyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,6,8-tetraone, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10825633 CID:10825633 (5). The reaction between 1-(o-anisyl)piperazine [35386-24-4] (6) and 1,4-dibromobutane [110-52-1] (7) gives the Quat salt CID:15895413(8). Convergent synthesis (in the presence of potassium carbonate) affords Umespirone (KC-9172) (9).

See also Azapirone List of investigational antipsychotics

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Umespirone

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Umespirone claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Umespirone before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Umespirone ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Umespirone

In research: Umespirone appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Umespirone in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Umespirone is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1-(2-Pyrimidinyl)piperazines, 2-Methoxyphenyl compounds, Azapirones, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Umespirone outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Umespirone in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Umespirone means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Umespirone out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Umespirone in simple terms?

Why does Umespirone matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Umespirone?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Umespirone.