astronomy

Urs A. Meyer

Urs A. Meyer is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Urs A. Meyer rather than just read about it. In short: Urs Albert Meyer is a Swiss physician-scientist and clinical pharmacologist. Life Meyer is professor emeritus of pharmacology at the Biozentrum University of Basel.

Key takeaways

Urs A. Meyer belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Urs A. Meyer to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Urs A. Meyer from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Urs Albert Meyer is a Swiss physician-scientist and clinical pharmacologist.

Life Meyer is professor emeritus of pharmacology at the Biozentrum University of Basel. After clinical and research training at the University of California, San Francisco, USA, he worked as assistant professor in clinical pharmacology at the same institution. In 1974, he became Head of Clinical Pharmacology at the University Hospital of Zurich. From 1983 to 2008, Meyer carried out research and taught as professor of pharmacology at the Biozentrum University of Basel, where he also acted as Chairman. He has served in various World Health Organization and National Institutes of Health functions and was president of the Clinical Section of the Swiss National Science Foundation.

Work The research of Urs A. Meyer explored the pharmacogenomic and environmental mechanisms that cause interindividual variability in drug response. In his postdoctoral work, he described the molecular defect in heme synthesis causing hepatic porphyrias. He and his coworkers later made the first transgenic mouse model of this disease and elucidated the drug sensitivity of patients with porphyria. Meyer's laboratory received international acclaim through the discovery of the molecular mechanism of two common genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolism which cause a variable clinical response to numerous drugs. His team identified the genes and mutations for the enzyme cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 and for N-acetyltransferase 2 and developed the first pharmacogenetic DNA tests. Furthermore, Meyer contributed to the molecular mechanism by which certain drugs activate nuclear receptors and thereby regulate the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. These predictable variations in drug response allow actionable clinical decisions for drug choice and drug dose and are important components of personalized medicine and precision medicine.

Awards and honors 1971–1974: Faculty Development Award in Clinical Pharmacology by the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Foundation 1974: Cloëtta Prize 1978: Award of the Anita Saurer Foundation 1991: Rawls-Palmer Award for Progress in Medicine of the American Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2004: Robert Pfleger Research Award 2004: R.T. Williams Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award of the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics 2010–2011: President, International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX) 2019: Lifetime Achievement Award of the European Association of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

References

External links Official website

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Urs A. Meyer

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Urs A. Meyer claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Urs A. Meyer before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Urs A. Meyer ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Urs A. Meyer

In research: Urs A. Meyer appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Urs A. Meyer in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Urs A. Meyer is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Academic staff of the University of Basel, Biozentrum University of Basel, Clinical pharmacologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Urs A. Meyer outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Urs A. Meyer in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Urs A. Meyer means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Urs A. Meyer out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Urs A. Meyer in simple terms?

Urs Albert Meyer is a Swiss physician-scientist and clinical pharmacologist. Life Meyer is professor emeritus of pharmacology at the Biozentrum University of Basel.

Why does Urs A. Meyer matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Urs A. Meyer?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Urs A. Meyer.