astronomy

VII Zw 31

VII Zw 31 is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand VII Zw 31 rather than just read about it. In short: VII Zw 31 is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy located in the constellation of Camelopardalis. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.053 and it was first discovered by the Swiss astronomer named Fritz Zwicky in 1971, whom he described it as a blue object with a compact spherical appearance.

Key takeaways

VII Zw 31 belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect VII Zw 31 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of VII Zw 31 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

VII Zw 31 is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy located in the constellation of Camelopardalis. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.053 and it was first discovered by the Swiss astronomer named Fritz Zwicky in 1971, whom he described it as a blue object with a compact spherical appearance. It was also observed by J.H. Fairclough in March 1986 from an IRAS survey.

Description VII Zw 31 is an irregular galaxy, depicted to have a fuzzy blob appearance. It has an object located 20 arcseconds in the northwest direction from it, either being described as a companion or a galaxy merger remnant. Observations made by the near infrared camera and multi-object spectrometer (NICMOS) abroad the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), found the galaxy has asymmetric spiral arms located in the central nucleus and multiple star clusters in its galactic disk. Evidence based on both color and surface brightness profiles, found the central regions of the galaxy display signs of reddening which is contributed by a presence of a dust lane. There are also detections of narrow emission lines in its optical spectrum. The star formation of the galaxy has been found to be calculated as 90 M☉ per year. A study in 1987 has found VII Zw 31 has detections of carbon oxide millimeter wave emission. When observed, the total luminosity of the emission is estimated to be 1.1 × 1010 Kelvin km s−1 pc2, making this 35 times more luminous as the carbon oxide millimeter wave emission in the Milky Way and most out of the observed galaxies. The total molecular hydrogen mass of the galaxy has been estimated as 5 × 1010 M☉. A rotating molecular ring is suggested to be present inside the galaxy.

References

External links VII Zw 31 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with VII Zw 31

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what VII Zw 31 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to VII Zw 31 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about VII Zw 31 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of VII Zw 31

In research: VII Zw 31 appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses VII Zw 31 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: VII Zw 31 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Astronomical objects discovered in 1971, Camelopardalis, Irregular galaxies, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for VII Zw 31 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study VII Zw 31 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what VII Zw 31 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain VII Zw 31 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is VII Zw 31 in simple terms?

Why does VII Zw 31 matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study VII Zw 31?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on VII Zw 31.