science

Venus of Mauern

Venus of Mauern is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Venus of Mauern rather than just read about it. In short: The Venus of Mauern (also: Rote von Mauern, "the red one of Mauern") is a Venus figurine from the Paleolithic era. The statuette stems from the Gravettian and is about 27,000 years old.

Key takeaways

Venus of Mauern belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Venus of Mauern to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Venus of Mauern from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Venus of Mauern (also: Rote von Mauern, "the red one of Mauern") is a Venus figurine from the Paleolithic era. The statuette stems from the Gravettian and is about 27,000 years old. The figurine consists of red painted limestone and was found in 1948 in Mauern (Rennertshofen). It is housed in the Archäologische Staatssammlung in Munich.

History The excavations were led by the prehistorian Lothar Zotz from the university of Erlangen in 1948/49. The amateur archeologist Christoff von Vojkffy found the figurine in the Weinberghöhlen ("vineyard caves") near Mauern at 24 August 1948. The figurine was found at the hill between cave 2 and 3.

Description

The figurine is 7.2 centimetres (2.8 in) tall, made of limestone and is covered with red ochre. The statuette can be interpreted in two ways: as a stylized depiction of a woman with large buttocks or as a penis with testicles. At the upper side is a deepening, which can be interpreted as the ending of the urethra. This kind of double-sexed depiction can also be found in several other figurines of the paleolithic era, among them sculptures from Dolni Vestonice, Gönnersdorf, Nebra, Mezin (Ukraine), Milandes, Oelknitz, Savignano, Trasimeno and Trou Magrite.

See also Paleolithic art Venus of Monruz Venus figurines of Gönnersdorf Venus of Willendorf

References

Further reading Karl Dietrich Adam, Renate Kurz: Eiszeitkunst im süddeutschen Raum. Theiss, Stuttgart 1980. Assien Bohmers: Die Höhlen von Mauern I. Kulturgeschichte der altsteinzeitlichen Besiedlung. (= Palaeohistoria 1). J. B. Wolters, Groningen 1951. Michael Bolus: Settlement Analysis of Sites of the Blattspitzen Complex in Central Europe. In: J. N. Conard (Hrsg.): Settlement dynamics of the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age II. Tübingen 2004, S. 201–226. Claus-Stephan Holdermann, Hansjürgen Müller-Beck, Ulrich Simon (Hrsg.): Eiszeitkunst im süddeutsch-schweizerischen Jura: Anfänge der Kunst. Theiss, Stuttgart 2001, S. 53. Henri Delporte: L’image de la femme dans l’art préhistorique. Ed. Picard, 1979, S. 132 f. Wighard von Koenigswald, Hansjürgen Müller-Beck, Erich Pressmar: Die Archäologie und Paläontologie in den Weinberghöhlen bei Mauern (Bayern). Grabungen 1937–1967. (= Archaeologica Venatoria, Band 3). Institut für Urgeschichte, Tübingen 1974. Hansjürgen Müller-Beck, Gerd Albrecht: Die Anfänge der Kunst vor 30000 Jahren. Theiss, Stuttgart 1987. Hermann Müller-Karpe: Handbuch der Vorgeschichte I, Altsteinzeit. München 1966, S. 299–301. Lothar Zotz (Hrsg.): Das Paläolithikum in den Weinberghöhlen bei Mauern. Röhrscheid-Verlag, Bonn 1955.

External links

Don Hitchcock (Don's Maps): "The Venus of Die Rote von Mauern - the Red Venus from the Weinberghöhlen near Mauern" Archived 19 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Venus of Mauern

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Venus of Mauern claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Venus of Mauern before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Venus of Mauern ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Venus of Mauern

In research: Venus of Mauern appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Venus of Mauern in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Venus of Mauern is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1948 archaeological discoveries, Archaeological discoveries in Germany, Gravettian, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Venus of Mauern outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Venus of Mauern in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Venus of Mauern means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Venus of Mauern out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Venus of Mauern in simple terms?

The Venus of Mauern (also: Rote von Mauern, "the red one of Mauern") is a Venus figurine from the Paleolithic era. The statuette stems from the Gravettian and is about 27,000 years old.

Why does Venus of Mauern matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Venus of Mauern?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Venus of Mauern.