astronomy

Virginia Hope

Virginia Hope is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Virginia Hope rather than just read about it. In short: Virginia Hope is a New Zealand public health specialist, researcher and public sector governance expert. In 2014 Hope was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to health.

Key takeaways

Virginia Hope belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Virginia Hope to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Virginia Hope from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Virginia Hope is a New Zealand public health specialist, researcher and public sector governance expert. In 2014 Hope was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to health.

Academic career Hope completed a Diploma of Community Health at the University of Otago and a medical degree and Masters of Philosophy at the University of Auckland. Hope served in the Auckland Regional Public Health Service as the Medical Officer of Health (Environmental Health) for ten years, and then joined the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), a Crown Research Institute, in 2006. She is the Medical Director at ESR, and has also been Chair of the Hutt Valley District Health Board and the Capital and Coast District Health Board, and an elected member of the Auckland District Health Board. She was a part of the Ministry of Health's COVID-19 Technical Advisory Group. Hope serves on the Criminal Cases Review Commission, which investigates potential miscarriages of justice. She was appointed to the role in 2020. She is also on the board of water services regulator Taumata Arowai.

Honours and awards In the 2014 Queen's Birthday Honours, Hope was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to health. In 2020 she was awarded the Science New Zealand Individual Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2021 Hope was part of the team that won the Liley Medal for their research showing the effects of New Zealand's COVID-19 response, which was published in The Lancet.

Selected works

Simmons G; Hope V; Gillian Lewis; Whitmore J; Gao W (1 April 2001). "Contamination of potable roof-collected rainwater in Auckland, New Zealand". Water Research. 35 (6): 1518–1524. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00420-6. ISSN 0043-1354. PMID 11317899. Sarah Jefferies; Nigel French; Charlotte Gilkison; et al. (October 2020). "COVID-19 in New Zealand and the impact of the national response: a descriptive epidemiological study". Lancet Public Health. doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30225-5. ISSN 2468-2667. PMC 7553903. PMID 33065023. Don Bandaranayake; Q Sue Huang; Ange Bissielo; et al. (14 October 2010). "Risk factors and immunity in a nationally representative population following the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic". PLOS One. 5 (10) e13211. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...513211B. doi:10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0013211. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2954793. PMID 20976224. M Ekramul Hoque; Virginia T Hope; Tord Kjellström; Robert Scragg; Roy Lay-Yee (1 September 2002). "Risk of giardiasis in Aucklanders: a case-control study". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 6 (3): 191–197. doi:10.1016/S1201-9712(02)90110-4. ISSN 1201-9712. PMID 12718834. Lisa McCallum; Shevaun Paine; Kerry Sexton; et al. (29 January 2013). "An outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium phage type 42 associated with the consumption of raw flour". Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 10 (2): 159–164. doi:10.1089/FPD.2012.1282. ISSN 1535-3141. PMID 23360171. S Paine; G N Mercer; P M Kelly; et al. (17 June 2010). "Transmissibility of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in New Zealand: effective reproduction number and influence of age, ethnicity and importations". Eurosurveillance. 15 (24): 1513–1520. ISSN 1025-496X. PMID 20576236. M E Hoque; V T Hope; Robert Scragg; T Kjellström; R Lay-Yee (1 March 2001). "Nappy handling and risk of giardiasis". The Lancet. 357 (9261): 1017–1018. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04251-3. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11293600.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Virginia Hope

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Virginia Hope claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Virginia Hope before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Virginia Hope ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Virginia Hope

In research: Virginia Hope appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Virginia Hope in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Virginia Hope is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Living people, Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit, New Zealand scientists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Virginia Hope outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Virginia Hope in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Virginia Hope means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Virginia Hope out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Virginia Hope in simple terms?

Virginia Hope is a New Zealand public health specialist, researcher and public sector governance expert. In 2014 Hope was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to health.

Why does Virginia Hope matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Virginia Hope?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Virginia Hope.