physics

Vladimir Broude

Vladimir Broude is a physics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Vladimir Broude rather than just read about it. In short: Vladimir Lvovich Broude (December 1, 1924, Moscow, Soviet Union – June 22, 1978, Moscow), was a Soviet and Russian experimental physicist of Jewish descent. His father was a Professor of biochemistry and his mother was a medical doctor.

Key takeaways

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Reproduce the core statement of Vladimir Broude from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Vladimir Lvovich Broude (December 1, 1924, Moscow, Soviet Union – June 22, 1978, Moscow), was a Soviet and Russian experimental physicist of Jewish descent. His father was a Professor of biochemistry and his mother was a medical doctor. His elder brother Yevgeny was conscripted soon after beginning of the Nazi invasion in June 1941 and lost his life.

Career In 1947, Broude graduated from the Moscow Institute of Chemical Engineering and was directed to Kyiv, to the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, for developing and installing equipment for low-temperature optical spectroscopy. Here he developed interest in the low-temperature spectroscopy, studied quantum mechanics and group theory, and very soon became an active and inventive experimental physicist. In his first break-through papers Broude discovered in the low-temperature spectra of crystalline benzine a triplet of absorption bands strongly polarized along the crystallographic axes. Methodically, this success was only possible thanks to a breakthrough in experimental techniques, the invention of a microprocessor that allowed taking spectra of minor crystallites in polarized light. This experimental result also was of crucial scientific importance because it provided a firm scientific ground for identification strongly polarized absorption bands in the spectra of molecular crystals with exciton multipletes. For these reasons, Broude' papers of the spectra of benzine nearly immediately became the classics. The next great achievement of Broude was developing a technique for getting the information on energy spectra of excitons in perfect crystals from optical spectra of isotopic solutions. This started with the spectra of dilute solutions in which the giant oscillator strength of impurity excitons was identified and the position of lower energy band of crystalline naphthalene was established. Afterwards the technique was generalized to exciton spectra of mixed crystals in a wide range of concentrations. This resulted in the discovery of the multimode regime in the impurity-exciton bands of disordered systems. Isototic technique initiated by Broude found application in investigations of energy transport in biological systems. In 1966, Broude moved to Chernogolovka (Moscow district) to a newly established Institute of Solid State Physics, where he founded a Laboratory of optics and spectroscopy. Broude was a co-recipient of the 1966 Lenin Prize for discovery of excitons.

See also Exciton Giant oscillator strength Emmanuel Rashba

Further reading A.S Davydov, Theory of Molecular Excitons (Plenum, NY) 1971 V. L. Broude, E. I. Rashba, and E. F. Sheka, Spectroscopy of molecular excitons (Springer, NY) 1985

External links NASU Institute of Physics Institute of Solid State Physics (Russia) A. S. Davydov, G. V. Kurdyumov, I. V. Obreimov, Yu. A. Osip'yan, A. F. Prikhot'ko, É. I. Rashba, and E. F. Sheka. "Vladimir L'vovich Broude (Obituary), Sov. Phys. Usp. 22, 292 (1979). http://ufn.ru/ufn79/ufn79_4/Russian/r794l.pdf R. M. Hochstrasser, "Memorial address for Professor VL Broude." Journal of Luminescence 18 (1979): xxix. DOI:10.1016/0022-2313(79)90061-9. Broude: Russian Jewish Encyclopedia, http://www.jewishgen.org/Belarus/rje_a.htm

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Vladimir Broude

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Vladimir Broude claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In physics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Vladimir Broude before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Vladimir Broude ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Vladimir Broude

In research: Vladimir Broude appears in physics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Vladimir Broude in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Vladimir Broude is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1924 births, 1978 deaths, Jewish Russian physicists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Vladimir Broude outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Vladimir Broude in 20 minutes

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Frequently asked questions

What is Vladimir Broude in simple terms?

Why does Vladimir Broude matter?

Because it connects several physics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Vladimir Broude?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Vladimir Broude.