engineering

West Hartlepool War Memorial

West Hartlepool War Memorial is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand West Hartlepool War Memorial rather than just read about it. In short: West Hartlepool War Memorial or Victory Square War Memorial or Victoria Square Cenotaph is a war memorial in Hartlepool, County Durham, England commemorating those from West Hartlepool who died in World War I and World War II. The war memorial, created in the 1920s, is located on Victoria Road in Hartlepool's Victory Square.

Key takeaways

West Hartlepool War Memorial belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect West Hartlepool War Memorial to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of West Hartlepool War Memorial from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

West Hartlepool War Memorial or Victory Square War Memorial or Victoria Square Cenotaph is a war memorial in Hartlepool, County Durham, England commemorating those from West Hartlepool who died in World War I and World War II. The war memorial, created in the 1920s, is located on Victoria Road in Hartlepool's Victory Square. The square was created for this monument.

Victory Square There was much deliberation about the selection of the site for the memorial or cenotaph. The idea was for the war memorial to be placed in a public square, which would face municipal buildings on the north side and be balanced with public buildings on the south side. Victory Square, a large area in the center of town, was established for that purpose. The mayor of West Hartlepool from 1915 to 1917, Alderman Charles Macfarlane, introduced the idea of using land already designated for municipal buildings, previously "The Armoury Field", for a World War I memorial. Later approved at a public meeting, the cost was estimated at £150,000. It was also proposed that housing be created for seniors and the disabled as a related project. Donations came in for Cottage Homes "in connection with the war memorial", such as that by J. W. Crosby, partner in one of the towns shipping firms, Crosby, Magee & Co. who gave £5.000.

World War I Memorial The 66 feet (20 m) high obelisk monument made of grey Aberdeen granite and bronze sits on a pedestal. Bronze bas-relief of laurel wreaths are located at the top of the monument on each side. Another wreath is situated near the bottom with the town coat of arms and the motto "E Mare ex Industria" ("Industry comes from the Sea"). There are also bronze wreaths on the pedestal. The plinth, with cyma-moulding, sits on a 77 feet (23 m) wide, five terraced base; the five steps symbolise the number of years of World War I. There are a total of 1545 names to commemorate those from World War I. The twelve bronze panels honour the 1548 townsmen belonging to 75 different units of the Army, Royal Navy and Royal Air Force. A competition for the memorial design was managed by architect Ernest Newton, RA, who was then President of Royal Institute of British Architects. The winner was George J Coombs of Aberdeen. Coombs' design was apparently complete by 1921, when he died, and his plans were carried out by George Bennett Mitchell, Vice-President of the Institute of Scottish Architects. The memorial was built by D. G. Somerville and Company of London and A Fyfe and Son. It was cast at H.H. Martyn & Co. It is classified as a Grade II monument. On 11 October 1923 the memorial was to be unveiled by the Earl of Durham (Frederick Lambton, 4th Earl of Durham), but he fell ill and his brother, Brigadier-General Charles Lambton performed the unveiling. It was dedicated by the Bishop of Durham.

Inscriptions The north elevation bears the arms of West Hartlepool within a wreath. Located on the top of the obelisks' pedestal is the leading inscription "The Great War 1914–1919" followed by the inscription derived from the King George V's message to the next of kin of the dead of the British Empire,In grateful remembrance of the men of this town who at their country's call left all that was dear to them to hazard their lives that others might live in freedom. Their name liveth for evermore. The southern elevation contains the words "THINE O LORD / IS THE VICTORY" surmounted by a cross.

World War II pillars After the end of World War II, four 7 feet 4 inches (2.24 m) high white granite pillars were added near the Victory Square obelisk to commemorate those who lost their lives during that war. Each of the four-sided pillars is mounted with a bronze plaque containing the name of the fallen. A tree was planted between each of the pillars. The pillars were unveiled by Father David Coxon of St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, Reverend Tony Whipp of St. Aidan's Church and, representing Seafarers, Ken Cornford.

Memorial responsibility The responsibility for maintenance and upkeep of the memorial resides with the Hartlepool Borough Council's Neighborhood Services department. In 2008 restoration work was completed to clean and restore the stonework and plaques, which included resolving staining of the patina.

See also Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby – World War I bombing of West Hartlepool Redheugh Gardens War Memorial – another war memorial in Hartlepool

Notes

References

Further reading "Respect for Hartlepool war memorial impressed on youngsters." The Northern Echo: Hartlepool News. 2 November 2009.

External links West Hartlepool War Memorial (detailed information and photograph) West Hartlepool War Memorial (honour roll and photographs) The Armoury, Victoria Road / War Memorial – Forum 3 January 2010 Maps Satellite view of the memorial Map that shows both Hartlepool memorials Map with: A = West Hartlepool WM – B = Redheugh Gardens WM Images West Hartlepool War Memorial West Hartlepool War Memorial West Hartlepool War Memorial The Armoury, Victoria Road, c. 1930 War Memorials Trust

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with West Hartlepool War Memorial

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what West Hartlepool War Memorial claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to West Hartlepool War Memorial before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about West Hartlepool War Memorial ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of West Hartlepool War Memorial

In research: West Hartlepool War Memorial appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses West Hartlepool War Memorial in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: West Hartlepool War Memorial is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Buildings and structures completed in 1923, Buildings and structures in Hartlepool, Grade II listed buildings in County Durham, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for West Hartlepool War Memorial outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study West Hartlepool War Memorial in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what West Hartlepool War Memorial means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain West Hartlepool War Memorial out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is West Hartlepool War Memorial in simple terms?

Why does West Hartlepool War Memorial matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study West Hartlepool War Memorial?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on West Hartlepool War Memorial.