astronomy

Wilhelm Boland

Wilhelm Boland is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Wilhelm Boland rather than just read about it. In short: Wilhelm Boland (born 5 January 1950 in Wesel) is a German chemist. Scientific career After his dissertation (1978) and habilitation (1986) at the University of Cologne, Boland became associate professor of Organic Chemistry at Karlsruhe University in 1987.

Key takeaways

Wilhelm Boland belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Wilhelm Boland to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Wilhelm Boland from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Wilhelm Boland (born 5 January 1950 in Wesel) is a German chemist.

Scientific career After his dissertation (1978) and habilitation (1986) at the University of Cologne, Boland became associate professor of Organic Chemistry at Karlsruhe University in 1987. He was appointed Full Professor of Bioorganic Chemistry at Bonn University in 1994. Since 1996 he is Director and Scientific Member at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology and head of the Department of Bioorganic Chemistry (Emeritus since 2018). In 1998 he was appointed Honorary Professor at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena. Boland studies the defensive chemistry of leaf beetles and the induction of plant defense pathways. Microbial interactions with plants and insects are further research topics in his department. He developed new methods in analytical and synthetic chemistry and investigates enzyme mechanisms and the gut chemistry of insects.

Awards and honors Silverstein-Simeone Lecture Award of the International Society of Chemical Ecology, 1995 Member of the North Rhine-Westphalia Academy for Sciences and Arts (since 2002) Hans Herloff Inhoffen Medal of the German Research Centre for Biotechnology (GBF), 2005 Peter Hemmerich Lecture, University of Konstanz, 2006 President of the International Society of Chemical Ecology 2008–2009 Silver Medal Award der International Society of Chemical Ecology 2023

Selected publications Takabayashi, Junji; Arimura, Gen-Ichiro; Ozawa, Rika; Shimoda, Takeshi; Nishioka, Takaaki; Boland, Wilhelm (2000). "Herbivory-induced volatiles elicit defence genes in lima bean leaves". Nature. 406 (6795): 512–5. Bibcode:2000Natur.406..512A. doi:10.1038/35020072. PMID 10952311. S2CID 4427770. Kuhn, J. (2004). "Selective transport systems mediate sequestration of plant glucosides in leaf beetles: A molecular basis for adaptation and evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 101 (38): 13808–13813. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10113808K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402576101. PMC 518838. PMID 15365181. Heil, Martin; Greiner, Sabine; Meimberg, Harald; Krüger, Ralf; Noyer, Jean-Louis; Heubl, Günther; Eduard Linsenmair, K.; Boland, Wilhelm (2004). "Evolutionary change from induced to constitutive expression of an indirect plant resistance". Nature. 430 (6996): 205–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.430..205H. doi:10.1038/nature02703. PMID 15241414. S2CID 4416036. Mithofer, A.; Wanner, G; Boland, W (2005). "Effects of Feeding Spodoptera littoralis on Lima Bean Leaves. II. Continuous Mechanical Wounding Resembling Insect Feeding is Sufficient to Elicit Herbivory-Related Volatile Emission". Plant Physiology. 137 (3): 1160–8. doi:10.1104/pp.104.054460. PMC 1065415. PMID 15728342.. Heil, M.; Rattke, J; Boland, W (2005). "Postsecretory Hydrolysis of Nectar Sucrose and Specialization in Ant/Plant Mutualism". Science. 308 (5721): 560–3. Bibcode:2005Sci...308..560H. doi:10.1126/science.1107536. PMID 15845855. S2CID 18065410. Arimura, Gen-Ichiro; Kost, Christian; Boland, Wilhelm (2005). "Herbivore-induced, indirect plant defences". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1734 (2): 91–111. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2005.03.001. PMID 15904867. Walter, Agnes; Mazars, Christian; Maitrejean, Mathias; Hopke, Jörn; Ranjeva, Raoul; Boland, Wilhelm; Mithöfer, Axel (2007). "Structural Requirements of Jasmonates and Synthetic Analogues as Inducers of Ca2+ Signals in the Nucleus and the Cytosol of Plant Cells". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 46 (25): 4783–5. doi:10.1002/anie.200604989. PMID 17487903. Dabrowska, P.; Freitak, D.; Vogel, H.; Heckel, D. G.; Boland, W. (2009). "The phytohormone precursor OPDA is isomerized in the insect gut by a single, specific glutathione transferase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (38): 16304–9. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10616304D. doi:10.1073/pnas.0906942106. PMC 2752597. PMID 19805297. Kirsch, R.; Vogel, H.; Muck, A.; Reichwald, K.; Pasteels, J. M.; Boland, W. (2011). "Host plant shifts affect a major defense enzyme in Chrysomela lapponica". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (12): 4897–901. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108.4897K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1013846108. PMC 3064323. PMID 21383196. Mithöfer, Axel; Boland, Wilhelm (2012). "Plant defense against herbivores: Chemical aspects". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 63: 431–450. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103854. PMID 22404468. Strauß, A.; Peters, S.; Boland, W.; Burse, A. (2013). "ABC transporter functions as a pacemaker for the sequestration of plant glucosides in leaf beetles". eLife. 2013, 2:e01096 e01096. doi:10.7554/eLife.01096. PMC 3843118. PMID 24302568. González-Teuber, M.; Kaltenpoth, M.; Boland, W. (2014). "Mutualistic ants as an indirect defence against leaf pathogens". New Phytologist. 202 (2): 640–650. doi:10.1111/nph.12664. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0014-BEF8-A. PMID 24392817. Pesek, J.; Svoboda, J.; Sattler, M.; Bartram, S.; Boland, W. (2015). "Biosynthesis of 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid, an iron chelator from the gut of the lepidopteran Spodoptera littoralis". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. 13 (12): 178–184. doi:10.1039/c4ob01857e. PMID 25356857.

References

External links Webpage of the Department of Bioorganic Chemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Wilhelm Boland

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Wilhelm Boland claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Wilhelm Boland before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Wilhelm Boland ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Wilhelm Boland

In research: Wilhelm Boland appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Wilhelm Boland in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Wilhelm Boland is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1950 births, 20th-century German chemists, 21st-century German chemists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Wilhelm Boland outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Wilhelm Boland in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Wilhelm Boland means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Wilhelm Boland out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Wilhelm Boland in simple terms?

Wilhelm Boland (born 5 January 1950 in Wesel) is a German chemist. Scientific career After his dissertation (1978) and habilitation (1986) at the University of Cologne, Boland became associate professor of Organic Chemistry at Karlsruhe University in 1987.

Why does Wilhelm Boland matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Wilhelm Boland?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Wilhelm Boland.