chemistry

William Arthur Bone

William Arthur Bone is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand William Arthur Bone rather than just read about it. In short: William Arthur Bone, FRS (19 March 1871 – 11 June 1938) was a British fuel technologist and chemist. Biography Bone was born in Stockton-on-Tees, the son of Christopher Bone, a tea merchant, and his wife Mary Elizabeth.

Key takeaways

William Arthur Bone belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect William Arthur Bone to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of William Arthur Bone from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

William Arthur Bone, FRS (19 March 1871 – 11 June 1938) was a British fuel technologist and chemist.

Biography Bone was born in Stockton-on-Tees, the son of Christopher Bone, a tea merchant, and his wife Mary Elizabeth. He was educated at Middlesbrough High School, the Ackworth Quaker school and Stockton High School. After a year at the Leys School, Cambridge he studied Chemistry and Physics at Owens College, Manchester (now the University of Manchester), followed by a scholarship year at the University of Heidelberg. Bone was married twice: firstly in 1896 to Kate Hind, daughter of the Mayor of Stockton, with whom he had a son and two daughters before her death in 1914 and secondly in 1916 to Mabel Isabel Liddeard, who died in 1922.

Academic career After a period as Lecturer in Chemistry and Metallurgy at Manchester, where he was Elected to membership of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society on 2 May 1905 whilst studying hydrocarbon combustion. Bone was appointed Livesey Professor of Coal Gas and Fuel Industries at the University of Leeds in 1906. There he set up a new Department of Fuel Technology and continued to study the mechanics of fuel combustion. In 1912 he made his last move, this time to the Department of Chemical Technology at Imperial College, London, again concentrating on the investigation of combustion. During World War I (1914–18) he carried out research on fuel problems associated with the war and trained chemists for duties in munition factories. He retired in 1936. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1905. He delivered their Bakerian Lecture in 1932 (on hydrocarbon combustion) and was awarded their Davy Medal in 1936 "For his pioneer work on contact catalysis and his researches on the mechanism of combustion of hydrocarbons and on the nature of flames and on gaseous explosions". He was awarded the Franklin Institute's Howard N. Potts Medal in 1912 and the Liversidge award of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 1930. In 1957, 19 years after his death, Institute of Fuel (now the Energy Institute) created the Bone-Wheeler medal, jointly honouring Bone and Richard Vernon Wheeler. The medal was awarded annually to the most promising chemical engineer under the age of 30.

Publications He published several books; Coal and its Scientific Uses in 1918, Flame and Combustion with D.T.A.Townend in 1927 and Coal and its Constitution and Uses with G.W.Himus in 1936.

References

External links Works by or about William Arthur Bone at the Internet Archive

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with William Arthur Bone

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what William Arthur Bone claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to William Arthur Bone before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about William Arthur Bone ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of William Arthur Bone

In research: William Arthur Bone appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses William Arthur Bone in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: William Arthur Bone is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1871 births, 1938 deaths, Alumni of the University of Manchester, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for William Arthur Bone outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study William Arthur Bone in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what William Arthur Bone means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain William Arthur Bone out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is William Arthur Bone in simple terms?

William Arthur Bone, FRS (19 March 1871 – 11 June 1938) was a British fuel technologist and chemist. Biography Bone was born in Stockton-on-Tees, the son of Christopher Bone, a tea merchant, and his wife Mary Elizabeth.

Why does William Arthur Bone matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study William Arthur Bone?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on William Arthur Bone.