chemistry

Xylindein

Xylindein is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Xylindein rather than just read about it. In short: Xylindein is a quinone pigment, a dimeric naphthoquinone derivative. It is produced by fungi in the genus Chlorociboria.

Key takeaways

Xylindein belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Xylindein to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Xylindein from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Xylindein is a quinone pigment, a dimeric naphthoquinone derivative. It is produced by fungi in the genus Chlorociboria. This pigment causes green staining of wood infected by the fungi.

Etymology This pigment was first extracted in 1868 by Paul Thénard from wood. It resembled indigo, so he called it xylindéine, from the combination of xyl- (wood) and indé (indigo) + -ine.

References

Saikawa, Yoko; Watanabe, Takashi; Hashimoto, Kimiko; Nakata, Masaya (October 2000). "Absolute configuration and tautomeric structure of xylindein, a blue-green pigment of Chlorociboria species". Phytochemistry. 55 (3). Elsevier: 237–240. Bibcode:2000PChem..55..237S. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00282-X. PMID 11142849. Donner, Christopher; Cuzzupe, Anthony; Falzon, Cheryl; Gill, Melvyn (April 2012). "Investigations towards the synthesis of xylindein, a blue-green pigment from the fungus Chlorociboria aeruginosa". Tetrahedron. 68 (13). Elsevier: 2799–2805. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.009. Robinson, Sara; Tudor, Daniela; Snider, Hilary; Cooper, Paul (March 2012). "Stimulating growth and xylindein production of Chlorociboria aeruginascens in agar-based systems". AMB Express. 2. Springer: 15. doi:10.1186/2191-0855-2-15. PMC 3350399. PMID 22409931. Ostroverkhova, Oksana; Robinson, Sara; Gutierrez, Sarath Vega; Schenck, Jonathan Van; Giesbers, Gregory (2018). "Fungi-Derived Pigments for Sustainable Organic (Opto)Electronics". MRS Advances. 3 (59): 3459–3464. doi:10.1557/adv.2018.446. ISSN 2059-8521. S2CID 53646580.

External links Media related to Xylindein at Wikimedia Commons

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Xylindein

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Xylindein claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Xylindein before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Xylindein ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Xylindein

In research: Xylindein appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Xylindein in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Xylindein is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 3-Hydroxypropenals within hydroxyquinones, Dihydroisocoumarins, Fungal pigments, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Xylindein outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Xylindein in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Xylindein means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Xylindein out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Xylindein in simple terms?

Xylindein is a quinone pigment, a dimeric naphthoquinone derivative. It is produced by fungi in the genus Chlorociboria.

Why does Xylindein matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Xylindein?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Xylindein.